Estimation of Median Lethal Dose of Fenpropathrin in Wistar Rat

Jump To References Section

Authors

  • Nisha Manglani
     Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur – 302004, Rajasthan ,IN
  • Diksha Bhatt
     Assistant Professor and Head, Government Nehru PG College, Ashoknagar, Madhya Pradesh - 473331 ,IN
  • Shakuntala Singh
     Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur – 302004, Rajasthan ,IN
  • John P. J.
     Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur – 302004, Rajasthan ,IN
  • Inderpal Soni
     Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur – 302004, Rajasthan ,IN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18311/jeoh/2021/26345

Keywords:

Fenpropathrin, Pyrethroid, Lethal Dose (LD50), Wistar Rat
ENVIRONMENT TOXICOLOGY

Abstract

Background: Fenpropathrin, a synthetic pyrethroid (Type I/II) is commonly used as an insecticide in homes and in agriculture. The present study was planned to determine the median lethal dose (LD50) of Fenpropathrin in adult Wistar rats, both male and female. Statistically, LD50 is a first screening step to asses and evaluate the toxicity for a chemical that causes death of 50% population of test animals when given by a specified route as a single dose for a specific time period. Methods: The experimental rats were divided into 10 groups (5 of male and 5 of female rats) and ten rats were divided into each group. For each group of animals, a single oral dose of Fenpropathrin dissolved in corn oil was administered orally at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 mg/kg body weight (bw) concentrations. The animals were monitored up to 96 hours to assess the signs of toxicity and to calculate the LD50 as per the graphical method procedure suggested by Miller and Tainter (1944)10. Result: Estimated LD50 of Fenpropathrin was found to be 52.72±8.61mg/kg body weight in male rats and 48.08±8.13 mg/kg body weight in female rats. There were no toxic signs or behavioural changes in the single oral dose of Fenpropathrin at 10mg/kg body weight, thus it can be considered as No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL). Conclusion: It can beconcluded from the study that Fenpropathrin is highly toxic pyrethroid due to its low LD50 value in Wistar rats.The result of this study may serve as a basis for dose administration for further research on Fenpropathrin toxicity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Downloads

Published

2021-04-15

How to Cite

Manglani, N., Bhatt, D., Singh, S., P. J., J., & Soni, I. (2021). Estimation of Median Lethal Dose of Fenpropathrin in Wistar Rat. Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, 21(1), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.18311/jeoh/2021/26345

Issue

Volume 21, Issue 1, March 2021

Section

Articles
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Received 2020-11-04
Accepted 2021-03-23
Published 2021-04-15

 

References

Cao Z, Shafer TJ, Murray TF. Mechanisms of pyrethroid insecticide induced stimulation of calcium influx in neocortical neurons. Journal of Pharmacology and Experi mental Therapeutics. 2010; 336(1):197–205. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.110.171850. PMid:20881019. PMCid:P MC3014305

Verschoyle RD, Aldridge WN. Structure-activity relationships of some pyrethroids in rats. Archives of Toxicology. 1980; 45:325–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF 00293813. PMid:7447703

Gammon DW, Brown MA, Casida JE. Two classes of pyrethroid action in the cockroach. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 1981; 15:181–91. https:// doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(81)90084-5

Lawrence LJ, Casida JE. Pyrethroid toxicology: Mouse intracerebral structure-toxicity relationships. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 1982; 18:9–14. https:// doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(82)90082-7

Michelangeli P, Robson MJ, East JM, Lee AG. The conformation of pyrethroids bound to lipid bilayers.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1990; 1028:49–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(90)90264-O

Weiner ML, Nemec M, Sheets L, Sargent D, Breckenridge C. Comparative functional observational battery study of twelve commercial pyrethroid insecticides in rats following acute oral exposure. Neurotoxicology. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2009.08.014. PMid:197 48519

Xiong J, Zhang X, Huang J, Chen C, Chen Z, Liu L, Wang T. Fenpropathrin, a widely used pesticide, causes dopaminergic degeneration. Molecular Neurobiology. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-014-9057-2. PM id:25575680. PMCid:PMC5333774

Senin R. Acute toxicity study [Internet]. 2010 Mar 27. Available from: http:/www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/ chemicasl/Ld50.html.

Bliss CI. The method of probits. Science. 1934; 79:38–9. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.79.2037.38. PMid:1781 3446

Miller LC, Tainter ML. Estimation of LD50 and its error by means of log-probit graph paper. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1944; 57:26. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-57-14776

Litchfield JT, Wilcoxon F. A simplified method of evaluating dose effect experiments. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1949; 96:99–113.

Thompson WR. Use of moving averages and interpolation to estimate median effective 4 dose. Bacteriol. Rev. 1947; 11:115. https://doi.org/10.1128/ MMBR.11.2.115-145.1947. PMCid:PMC440915

Weil CS. Tables for convenient calculation of median effective dose (LD 50 or ED 50) and instructions in their use. Biometrics 1952; 8:249. https://doi.org/10.2 307/3001557

Finney DJ. Probit Analysis. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1971.

Randhawa MA. Calculation of LD50 values from the method of Miller and Tainter. 1944. Journal of Ayub Medical College. 2009; 21(3):184–5.

Ghosh MN. In statistical analysis, fundamentals of experimental pharmacology, 2nd Ed., Scientific Book Agency Calcutta; 1984:187–9.

Horton MK, Jacobson JB, McKelvey W, Holmes D, Fincher F, Quantano A, et al. Characterization of residential pest control products used in inner city communities in New York City. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. 2011; 21:291– 301. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2010.18. PMid:205519 95. PMCid:PMC3377445

Ahmed L, Khan A, Khan MZ. Pyrethroid-induced reproductive toxico-pathology in non-target species.

Pakistan Veterinary Journal. 2012; 32(1):1–9.

Fortes C, Mastroeni S, Pilla MA, Antonelli G, Lunghini L, Aprea C. The relation between dietary habits and urinary levels of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, a pyrethroid metabolite. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2013; 52:91–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.10.035. PM id:23146693

Sinha C, Seth K, Islam F, Chaturvedi RK, Shukla S, Mathur N, et al. Behavioral and neurochemical effects induced by Pyrethroid based mosquito repellent exposure in rat offsprings during prenatal and early postnatal period. Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 2006; 28:472–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2006.03.005. PMid:16842967

Scollon EJ, Starr JM, Crofton KM, Wolansky MJ, DeVito MJ, Hughes MF. Correlation of tissue concentrations of the pyrethroid bifenthrin with neurotoxicity in the rat. Toxicology 2011; 290(1):1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2011.08.002. PMid:21854826. PMCid:PMC4682199

Ansari RW, Shukla RK, Yadav RS, Seth K, Pant AB, Singh D, et al. Cholinergic dysfunctions and enhanced oxidative stress in the neurobehavioural toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin in developing rats. Neurotoxicity Research. 2012; 22(4):292–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12640-012-9313-z. PMid:22327935

Zhang Y, Zhao M, Jin M, Xu C, Wang C, Liu W. Immunotoxicity of pyrethroid metabolites in an in vitro model. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2010; 29(11):2505–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.298. PMid:20853454

Saillenfait A-M. Evaluation of the effects of α-cypermethrin on fetal rat testicular steroidogenesis.

Reproductive Toxicology. 2017; 72:106–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.133. PMid:28655647

Lazarini CA, Florio JC, Lemonica IP, Bernardi MM. Effects of prenatal exposure to deltamethrin on forced swimming behavior, motor activity, and striatal dopamine levels in male and female rats.

Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 2001; 23:665–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-0362(01)00170-2

Soni I, Syed F, Bhatnagar P, Mathur R. Perinatal toxicity of cyfluthrin in mice: developmental and behavioral effects. Human and Experimental Toxicology 2011; 30(8):1096–105. https://doi.org/10.1 177/0960327110391386. PMid:21148197

OECD/OCDE 425: OECD guideline for testing of chemicals. acute oral toxicity- up-and-down procedure; 2001. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264071049-en

Hiromori T, Misaki Y, Seki T, Hosokawa S, Miyamoto J. Acute oral toxicity of S-3206 in rats. Unpublished report dated 24 September 1982 from Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd, Japan. Submitted to WHO by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (Report No. FT-0076); 1982.

Hiromori T, Misaki Y, Seki T, Hosokawa S, Miyamoto J. Acute oral toxicity of S-3206 (97.3%) in rats. Unpublished report dated 17 January 1983 from Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd, Japan. Submitted to WHO by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (Report No. FT0082); 1983.

Kohda H. Acute dermal toxicity of S-3206 in rats. Unpublished report dated January 1979 from Institute for Biological Sciences, Japan. Submitted to WHO by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (Report No. FT-0019); 1979.

Hara S, Suzuki T. Acute oral toxicity of S-3206 in rabbits. Unpublished report dated 12 September 1980 from Research Department, Pesticides Division, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd, Japan. Submitted to WHO by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd (Report No. FT-0039); 1980.