Study of Biological Age and Chronological Age among Diabetes and Non-Diabetes: Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background: Age is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. There are two types of ages one is Chronological Age (CA) another is Biological Age (BA). CA starts from the date of birth and biological age indicates what current physical condition of the body of those persons. Overall in India, seventy-seven million people above the age of 18 years are surviving from diabetes and out of that almost twenty-five million are pre-diabetics. Diabetes mellitus is linked with an increased risk of serious health complications which decrease health span. Our area of interest study of BA and CA among diabetes and non-diabetes participants. Aim: Comparison of biological age and chronological age in diabetes and Non-diabetes Participants. Material and Methods: A Study was conducted in a pastoral area of western Maharashtra and collected data by house-to-house survey. Biological age was precise by using a standard instrument Omron HBF-375-IN Body Composition Monitor. We studied a total of 507 subjects, those aged 18 to 84 years, individuals with any surgical illness and physically handicapped were excluded. Results: We observed that 10.6% of people were suffering from diabetes out of 507. The Mean chronological age of diabetes mellitus participants was 64.85± 10.856 and 47.7±16.17 for non-diabetes mellitus participants. The Biological age of diabetes mellitus participants was 62.75 ± 10.6 and 49.07 ± 14.94 of nondiabetes mellitus participants. The mean difference between the biological age and chronological age of diabetes mellitus participants was 2.1851±9.37 and 1.25 ±12.5477 in non-diabetes mellitus. The difference in these means was moderately significant (t= 0.43489, p=0.6645). Conclusions: The Biological age of Non-diabetes Participants is less as compared to chronological age. Diabetes Participants have more biological ages as compared to their chronological age.