Digitalization: Accelerating the Electricity System Transformation. Joint Paper by the Task Force on Digitalization in Energy of the Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency and the Group of Experts on Cleaner Electricity Systems
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International Energy Agency, “World Energy Outlook 2019”, Report extract: Electricity, Available at: https:// www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2019/ electricity (accessed 3 May 2022).
International Energy Agency, “Power Systems in Transition”, Report extract: Electricity security matters more than ever, Available at: https://www.iea.org/ reports/power-systems-in-transition/electricity- security-matters-more-than-ever (accessed 3 May 2022).
International Energy Agency, “Digitalization and Energy”, Available at: https://iea.blob.core.windows. net/assets/b1e6600c-4e40-4d9c-809d- 1d1724c763d5/ DigitalizationandEnergy3.pdf (accessed 3 May 2022).
German Advisory Council on Global Change, “Flagship Report. Towards Our Common Digital Future”, Available at: https://www.wbgu.de/fileadmin/user_upload/wbgu/publikationen/hauptgutachten/hg2019/pdf/wbgu_hg2019_en.pdf (accessed 3 May 2022).
Active energy consumers, often called ‘prosumers’ because they both consume and produce electricity, could dramatically change the electricity system. Various types of prosumers exist: residential prosumers who produce electricity at home – mainly through solar photovoltaic panels on their rooftops, citizen-led energy cooperatives or housing associations, commercial prosumers whose main business activity is not electricity production, and public institutions like schools or hospitals.
It is assumed that “Electricity companies” and “Digital economy companies” subsume the most relevant business-developing actors at the electricity-digital economy nexus.
Mention of any firm, product, service or licensed process does not imply endorsement or criticism by the United Nations. The designations employed do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Secretariat concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities.
International Energy Agency, “Power Systems in Transition”, Report extract: Cyber resilience, Available at: https://www.iea.org/reports/power-systems-intransition/cyber-resilience (accessed 10 May 2022).
World Economic Forum, “The electricity industry: uncovering value through digital transformation”, Available at: http://reports.weforum.org/digitaltransformation/wp-content/blogs.dir/94/mp/files/pages/files/dti-electricity-industry-slideshare.pdf
DER are non-synchronous (inverter-based) resources, defined broadly as resources sited close to customers that can provide all or some of their immediate electric and power needs and can also be used by the system to either reduce demand (such as energy efficiency) or provide supply to satisfy the energy, capacity, or ancillary service needs of the distribution grid. The resources, if providing electricity or thermal energy, are small in scale, connected to the distribution system, and close to load. Examples of different types of DER include solar photovoltaics, wind, combined heat and power, energy storage, demand response, EV, microgrids, and energy efficiency.
BPS is defined as facilities and control systems necessary for operating an interconnected electric energy transmission network (or any portion thereof), and electric energy from generating facilities needed to maintain transmission system reliability. The term does not include facilities used in the local distribution of electric energy.
North American Electric Reliability Corporation, Summary of Activities, “BPS-Connected Inverter- Based Resources and Distributed Energy Resources, Available at: https://www.nerc.com/comm/PC/Documents/Summary_of_Activities_BPSConnected_IBR_and_DER.pdf
Utility Drive, “Non-Wires Alternatives: What’s up next in utility business model evolution”, Available at: https://www.utilitydive.com/news/non-wiresalternatives-whats-up-next-in-utility-business-modelevolution/446933/
See: GEEE-9/2022/INF.4 – Challenges of big data and analytics-driven demand-side management.
Alexei Dingli and Dylan Seychell. “Who Are the Digital Natives?”, The New Digital Natives (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2015), Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46590-5_2
World Economic Forum, “The electricity industry: uncovering value through digital transformation”, Available at: http://reports.weforum.org/digitaltransformation/wp-content/blogs.dir/94/mp/files/pages/files/dti-electricity-industry-slideshare.pdf
Ibid.
See: GEEE-9/2022/INF.4 – Challenges of big data and analytics-driven demand-side management.
