Adverse Anthropometric Profile and Blood Pressure among Young (<40 yrs) Urban Adult Males from Pune, India
Authors
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Society for Initiatives in Nutrition and Development, Pune ,IN
Shobha Rao -
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai ,INPooja Gaigaware
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International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai ,INAmol P. Mankar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2016.53.2.4300Keywords:
Overweight, Obesity, Hypertension, Young Adults.Abstract
High prevalence rates of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs), particularly hypertension and the precedence in its age at onset in developing countries including India, demands identification of risk factors especially among urban young populations. Working young males from Pune, India (n=254) were measured for weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), Body Fat (BF), Visceral Fat (VF) and blood pressure; 72.5% were overweight, 48.4 % were obese (BMI≥25) while 68.9% were obese using body fat criterion. Central obesity (WC≥90) was 38.2% and was almost half of overall obesity. BMI was significantly (p<0.001) associated with WC and central obesity increased significantly (p<0.01) as BMI increased from lowest to highest (6% to 76.5%) tertile. Mean SBP was 121.9±10.4 mmHg and mean DBP was 79.9±8.6 mmHg while prevalence of hypertension (HTN) was high (25.6%) especially due to High Diastolic (22.4%) Blood Pressure (HDBP). Overweight and obese subjects had significantly (p<0.001) higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels but prevalence of HTN showed significant association only with BMI and VF but not with WC,WHR or BF indicating the importance of body fat distribution. In particular, subjects in the highest tertile of BMI had significantly (p<0.01) higher risk for HTN (OR 3.1, CI:1.5-6.2) and HDBP (OR 3.2, CI:1.5-7.0). This was also true for subjects in highest tertile of VF. Preventing obesity among young adults through modifiable factors associated with BMI and VF is necessary for reducing substantial amount of cardiovascular disease mortality.
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