Effect of Temperature on the Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Shoot Borer (Conogethes punctiferalis Guen.) Infesting Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
Authors
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Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode (Kerala) 673 012 ,IN
Rashid Pervez -
Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode (Kerala) 673 012 ,INSanthosh J. Eapen
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Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode (Kerala) 673 012 ,INS. Devasahayam
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Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode (Kerala) 673 012 ,INT. K. Jacob
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2015/6075Keywords:
Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Ginger, Shoot Borer, Temperature.Abstract
The attachment, penetration, infectivity and multiplication of eight native isolates of Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 01), Steinernema sp. (IISR-EPN 02), Steinernema sp. (IISR-EPN 03), S. carpocapsae (IISR-EPN 06), Oscheius spp. (IISR-EPN 04, 05, and 08) and O. gingeri were tested against larvae of Conogethes punctiferalis at different temperatures viz., 20, 25, 30 and 35°C. The temperature significantly affected attachment, penetration, pathogenicity and multiplication ability of infective juveniles (IJs) of all tested EPNs. Among the test temperatures, maximum mortality of larvae was found at 30°C followed by 25°C, whereas the least mortality was recorded at 20 and 35°C. Maximum number of infective juveniles was multiplied at 30°C, however minimum multiplication was recorded at 35°C. Among the test EPNs, no multiplication of Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 01), Steinernema sp. (IISR-EPN 03) and O. gingeri was recorded at 20°C. IJs attached to larvae of C. punctiferalis in higher number after 6 h at 25 and 30°C. Whereas, maximum number of IJs penetrated into C. punctiferalis larvae at 30°C. Therefore, the optimal temperature for infection and development for all promising EPNs was 30°C.
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