In Silico Structural Analysis and Characterization of Human Kiss-1 Receptor: A Metastasis Suppressor Protein in Melanomas and Breast Cancer

Abstract

Metastasis, a major cause of death in cancer patients, involves the spread of a tumor or cancer to distant parts of the body as primary cancer, invasion of surrounding tissue, spread through circulation, re-invasion and proliferation in distant organs. KiSS1 is a metastasis-suppressor protein that suppresses metastases in malignant melanomas and in some breast carcinomas, without affecting tumorigenicity and also may be mediated in part by cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in malignant cells. To understand the operational mechanism, structural model is always important. Therefore, in present study a complete structural analysis and three- dimensional (3D) modeling of KiSS-1 receptor, with a molecular weight of 42,586 kDa, of Homo sapiens was carried out. The 398 amino acid sequence of the KiSS-1 receptor protein was retrieved from Uniprot KB database (Acc. no: Q969F8). Based on the PDB Blast result and analysis the three-dimensional structure of KiSS-1R was predicted by using the SWISS MODEL, ESyPred 3D protein comparative modeling server. The predicted model was further assessed by Rampage, VERIFY-3D and PROCHECK graph with acceptable scores. The overall result provides evidence of good quality of model and furnishes an adequate foundation for functional analysis of experimentally derived crystal structures and also helps in understanding metastasis.