Utilization of Indian railway bio-toilet waste as an agriculture fertilizer

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Authors

  • Pradip Gunaki
  • Karthik S
     ,IN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2021/30124

Keywords:

Bio-toilets, controlled discharge sanitary system, eco-friendly, agricultural fertilizer. 1.0 Introductio

Abstract

The Indian Railways have been widely chastised for dumping human waste on railway tracks, which pollutes the environment and makes human life difficult. Indian Railways are working hard to solve this problem by developing environmentally friendly toilet facilities. The bio toilets were adopted by the Indian Railways to handle this problem in an environmentally friendly manner. However, due to the failure of these bio-digesters for a variety of causes, new problems have arisen, so this paper outlines the issues raised by bio-toilets and how to address them, which satisfies the major objective of Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan.

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Published

2022-04-28

How to Cite

Gunaki, P., & S, K. (2022). Utilization of Indian railway bio-toilet waste as an agriculture fertilizer. Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels, 69(12A), 324–325. https://doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2021/30124

Issue

Volume 69, Issue 12A, December 2021

Section

Articles
Crossref
Scopus
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Europe PMC
Received 2022-04-28
Accepted 2022-04-28
Published 2022-04-28

 

References

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Guidelines on Bio tank for Indian Railways, Research Designs and Standards Organisation, Lucknow. 2014. pp.1-48

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C. M. Prasad, (2012): Controlled discharge toilet system for Indian Railway coaches (BG), Indian Railways” pp.3-21.

Virendra Kumar Yadav, (2013): From Flush to Energy Model: Solution of World’s Biggest Open Toilet (Indian Railways)”, International Journal of Computer Application, Volume 67 No.20. pp.35-37.

K. Santhapriyan, Design of Vacuum Controlled Discharge Lavatory System (Vcdls) Of Railway Car”, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Advanced Technology, Volume 3, Issue 1, (2015).

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Indian Railways”, (2017).