Evaluation of gliotoxin phytotoxicity and gliotoxin producing Trichoderma virens for the suppression of damping off of tomato

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Authors

  • R. Jayalakshmi
     Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • G. Sobanbabu
     Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • R. Oviya
     Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • S. T. Mehetre
     Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai ,IN
  • R. Kannan
     Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • M. Paramasivam
     Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • V. P. Santhanakrishnan
     Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • K. K. Kumar
     Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • M. Theradimani
     Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu ,IN
  • V. Ramamoorthy
     Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu ,IN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18311//jbc/2021/27794

Keywords:

Bio-control, damping-off, gliotoxin, Trichoderma virens

Abstract

Gliotoxin is a potent antibiotic showing antifungal activity against various phytopathogenic fungi. It is produced by Q strains of Trichoderma virens and gliotoxin non-producing strains of T. virens are designated as P strains. There is no detailed study on effect of gliotoxin on suppression of damping off of tomato caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and its phytotoxicity effect on tomato plants. Thus, the present study was carried out to assess the effect of gliotoxin on inhibition of mycelial growth of P. aphanidermatum, its phytotoxicity effect on tomato and its role on the suppression of damping off of tomato. Culture filtrates of Q strains of T. virens containing gliotoxin highly inhibited the mycelial growth of P. aphanidermatum compared to that of P strains of T. virens. Purified gliotoxin but not bis-thiomethyl gliotoxin effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of P. aphanidermatum. Tomato seeds treated with purified gliotoxin did not inhibit the germination of seeds, its root and shoot length even at higher concentration that is at 1000 ppm (fivefold inhibitory concentration against P. aphanidermatum). Foliar spray of gliotoxin on tomato plants did not show any phytotoxic effect at lower concentration but showed scorching effect at higher concentration. Seed treatment with gliotoxin producing Q strains of T. virens showed greater suppression of damping-off tomato compared to P strains of T. virens. This study clearly showed that gliotoxin producing T. virens could be used in suppression of damping-off disease incidence in tomato.

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Published

2022-06-05

How to Cite

Jayalakshmi, R., Sobanbabu, G., Oviya, R., Mehetre, S. T., Kannan, R., Paramasivam, M., Santhanakrishnan, V. P., Kumar, K. K., Theradimani, M., & Ramamoorthy, V. (2022). Evaluation of gliotoxin phytotoxicity and gliotoxin producing <i>Trichoderma virens</i> for the suppression of damping off of tomato. Journal of Biological Control, 35(3), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.18311//jbc/2021/27794

Issue

Volume 35, issue 3, September 2021

Section

Research Articles
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Scopus
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Europe PMC
Received 2021-05-13
Accepted 2022-04-27
Published 2022-06-05

 

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