CoO Substituted Borate 1393B3 Glass Scaffold with Enhanced Metallurgical Performance

Abstract

In this study, we fabricated three-dimensional porous scaffolds using 1393B3 Borate-Based Glass (BBG) with a structure resembling trabecular bones. These scaffolds were created through a process involving melt-quenching and foam replica techniques. To evaluate the impact of incorporating CoO into these scaffolds on their biological compatibility, bioactivity, and physical-mechanical properties, we conducted a series of in vitro experiments. Our findings indicate that the CoO-infused scaffolds, referred to as CBBGs (CoO-derived 1393B3), exhibit superior mechanochemical stability compared to the original BBG scaffolds. Importantly, this enhancement in stability did not compromise the bioactivity or cytocompatibility of the scaffolds following CoO incorporation. In fact, our assessments of biological compatibility, including MTT assays, Live/Dead staining, and cell adhesion studies using L929 cell lines, revealed improved performance in the CBBGs, particularly in scaffolds containing up to 1% CoO (C1BBG and C2BBG). Notably, among the CBBGs, C1BBG consistently demonstrated the highest level of enhanced biological compatibility. In summary, our study demonstrates that the incorporation of CoO into BBG scaffolds enhances both their mechanical and biological performance without negatively affecting their bioactivity. Therefore, these CoO-infused BBG scaffolds have the potential to serve as innovative biomaterials for regenerating neo bone tissue.